Terrorist Regimes
The M23In 2014, eastern DRC security forces and terrorist groups abused civilians. The Rwandan-backed M23 armed group was a large terrorist source. Their leader, Bosco Ntaganda, surrendered to the United States embassy in Rwanda and is to be tried in the International Security Court. However, while fleeing from the M23 in eastern Goma, government militia pillaged villages in South Kivu. The M23 then fought the UN, or the Congolese army supported by MONUSCO, after peace with Uganda failed. Rwanda fueled supplies and soldiers to the M23, yet Western sanctions quelled this aid and thus M23 was defeated. Bosco Ntanga turned himself in and arrest warrants for the M23 have been ordered.
Government Military PoliceIn 2014, in North Kivu, the country’s 812th regimine and Tutsi militia racially killed ethnic Hunde. Civilian deaths also occurred against the Mai Mai fighters in the Katanga Province. Eugène Diomi Ndongala, president of the Christian Democrats, was imprisoned for supporting opposition leader Etienne Tshisekedi. Muhindo Nzangi was also imprisoned for criticizing eastern Congolese rule under Joseph Kabila.
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Other Terrorist GroupsOther terrorist groups include the Nduma Defense of Congo militia group, led by Ntabo Ntaberi Sheka. In Kivu, ethnic attacks are perpetrated by Raia Mutomboki, the Nyatura, the Mai Mai Kifuafua, and the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR). The FDLR is a Rwandan Hutu militia. In North Kivu, the Ugandan Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) terrorizes. In Oriental Province, there is the Patriotic Resistance Force in Ituri (FRPI). Katanga is oppressed by The Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a Ugandan rebel group.
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The National Congress for the Defence of the Congolese People (CNDP).The "Goma Peace Accord" was signed in January 2008 to bring stability to North Kivu. It is between the government of President Joseph Kabila and Laurent Nkunda, a separatist general of the National Congress for the Defence of the Congolese People (CNDP). In October 2008, however, Nkunda's fighters pillaged Northern Kivu .The UN thus accused General Nkunda and government militants of war crimes in Kiwanja. Rwandan troops aided the DRC to fight Rwandan rebel Hutu militias and General Nkunda in the east, but previously, in May 2009, President Kabila approved a law pardoning terrorists to make peace with the east. Two ceasefire agreements in 2008 have since provided peace in South Kivu.
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Peace Accords
The "Goma Peace Accord" was signed in January 2008 to bring stability to North Kivu. It is between the government of President Joseph Kabila and Laurent Nkunda, a separatist general of the National Congress for the Defence of the Congolese People (CNDP). Two ceasefire agreements in 2008 have provided peace in South Kivu. In North Kivu, war crimes are now tried and in 2014, the “Peace, Security and Cooperation Framework” treaty was signed denouncing terrorism.